COMPARATIVE STUDY OF OPEN VERSUS LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Abstract

This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to compare the outcomes and efficacy of open cholecystectomy (OC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for the management of symptomatic cholelithiasis. Cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder, is a common procedure performed to manage gallbladder diseases. Over the years, two primary approaches have been employed for cholecystectomy: open cholecystectomy (OC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to compare the clinical outcomes, safety, and efficacy of these two surgical techniques to provide evidence-based insights for clinical decision-making.

A comprehensive search was conducted across electronic databases to identify relevant studies comparing OC and LC in terms of postoperative complications, operative time, length of hospital stay, conversion rates, and overall patient satisfaction. Randomized controlled trials, prospective cohort studies, and retrospective studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis.

The meta-analysis of the selected studies demonstrates a significant reduction in operative time in the LC group compared to the OC group, indicating the advantages of laparoscopic techniques in terms of procedural efficiency. Moreover, LC exhibited lower rates of postoperative complications and a shorter length of hospital stay, highlighting its potential benefits in terms of improved patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness.

Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the influence of factors such as surgeon experience, patient comorbidities, and specific complications on the comparative outcomes of OC and LC. Additionally, sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results and identify potential sources of heterogeneity.

Keywords:

Comparative study, open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic cholecystectomy

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