CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF CHILDHOOD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SIX-YEAR DATA MINING OF PATIENTS MANAGED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL.

Obanife OH; John Ashindoitiang; Olabisi Ogunleye O Olabisi; Kingsley  Akaba; Shehu BB

doi:10.55640/ijmsdh-10-08-04

Open Access

CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF CHILDHOOD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SIX-YEAR DATA MINING OF PATIENTS MANAGED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL.

Vol. 10 No. 08 (2024): Volume 10 Issue 08 | Pages: 39-52 | https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-08-04

Authors

Obanife OH
Department of Surgery, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.

John Ashindoitiang
Department of Surgery, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria.

Olabisi Ogunleye O Olabisi
Department of Surgery, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria.

Kingsley Akaba
Department of Haematology, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital Calabar, Nigeria.

Shehu BB
Regional Centre for Neurosurgery, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria.

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Published Date: 2024-08-13
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CLINICAL SPECTRUM OF CHILDHOOD TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: SIX-YEAR DATA MINING OF PATIENTS MANAGED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR TEACHING HOSPITAL. (2024). International Journal of Medical Science and Dental Health, 10(08), 39-52. https://doi.org/10.55640/ijmsdh-10-08-04

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Abstract

Background: Injury is one of the most common reasons for hospitalization of young people, with millions worldwide sustaining a traumatic injury requiring hospitalisation each year.

Aim of the study: To study the pattern and quantum of traumatic brain injury managed in our institution.

Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective review of all children aged 0 to 12 years treated for TBI at the UCTH between January, 2016 and December, 2020. Clinico-demographic details of the patients were obtained and analysed.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 58.61±29.36 with male to female ratio of 1.4 to 1.The mean Glasgow Coma Score was 8.63 ±3. Falls, mostly from domestic accident and pedestrian traffic injuries were the most frequent aetiologies (39.77% and 34.09% respectively). Extra-axial bleed was found in 29.55% (26/88) of the patients while cerebral contusion was found in 31.82% (28/88) of the patients. Scalp injury occurred in 27.27% (24/88) patients while 17.05% (15/88) had skull fracture. Operative treatment was carried out in 20.45% of the patients. More than eighteen percent {18.18% (16/88)} had blood transfusion in the course of treatment.

Conclusion: The toddlers and pre-school age children had the highest frequency of traumatic brain injury in this study accounting for 56.82% (50/88) of the total number of patients. Severe traumatic brain injury was the most common type of head injury in this study with a frequency of 44.32%. The recovery rate was high with 98.86% of the patients recovering with a GCS of 14/15 to 15/15 at the time of discharge from the hospital. Fall mostly from domestic accident was the most common aetiology and responsible for 39.77% of the patients studied.

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