Isolation and Diagnosis or Identified Microorganisms for Hookah in Najaf Province

Abstract

Young adults who use hookahs continue to pose a risk to public health. The harmful effects of hookah smoking, which include both acute and chronic health concerns, have been revealed by more and more study. Hookah clubs and lounges lack procedures for equipment sanitation because there is currently no regulation in place. To investigate any indications of bacterial contamination in hookah pipes as a result of noncompliance with sanitation rules. Additionally, when mouthpieces is shared, there is an increased chance of contracting various respiratory illnesses, such as those caused by viruses, oral bacteria, and fungi.  infection such as E. coli, Mycobacteria tuberculosis, Pseudo monas Sp., Staphylococcus aurous, Salmonella Sp., and klebsella Sp.; Aspergillus Aspergillus flavus, niger. Rhizopus Sp., Candida Sp., and Curvularia Sp. Researchers found that the use of hookahs has become a public health concern due to secondhand smoke, the spread of infectious diseases like TB, herpes, and Aspergillus infection, as well as chronic lung diseases like pulmonary TB, lung abscess, bronchopneumonia, with residual lung cavity, asthma, and lung malignancy that have been documented. Bacterial and Fungal sample were collected at 15 hookah bars in Najaf Province, at each of the 15-hookah bare, Afruit –flavored hookah was ordered and sterile Specimen were collected for bacterial and Fungi examination from four predetermined parts on the hookah pipe. Specifically, the sampled areas included the inside of the fixed mouthpiece, personal from mouth swabbed, detachable hose near the water vase and the non-diSposable hose connecter where the adetachable hose is attached.   These sites were sampled with asterile cotton swab,which was then applied to the surface of sterile DifcoTM.  The samples were transfered    Microorganisms to laboratory of advanced mycology \faculty of science \Kufa University for diagnosis and study.

Keywords:

Isolation, Diagnosis, Identified Microorganisms, Hookah, tobacco

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