GINGIVAL PIGMENTATION AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH DENTAL CARIES AMONG STUDENTS IN DIYALA CITY, IRAQ

Abstract

This study examines the prevalence of gingival pigmentation and its potential association with dental caries among students in Diyala City, Iraq. Gingival pigmentation, a common cosmetic concern, refers to the darkening of the gum tissue. Dental caries, on the other hand, is a prevalent oral health issue characterized by the demineralization of tooth structures. The research aims to investigate the relationship between these two factors in a student population, considering potential implications for oral health management and interventions. A cross-sectional study design will be employed, involving the examination of gingival pigmentation and dental caries status in a representative sample of students. Data will be analyzed to determine any significant correlations between the variables, contributing valuable insights to oral health research in the region.

Keywords:

Gingival pigmentation, dental caries, prevalence

References

Mirowski gw, Waibel js. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity. Dermatol Ther 2002; 15:218–228.

Kauzman A, Pavone M, Blanas N, et al. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity: review, differential diagnosis, and case presentations. J Can Dent Assoc 2004; 70:682–683.

Meleti M, Vescovi P, Mooi WJ, et al. Pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa and perioral tissues: a flow-chart for the diagnosis and some recommendations for the management. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008; 105:606–616.

Haining RL, Achat-Mendes C. Neuromelanin, one of the most overlooked molecules in modern medicine, is not a spectator. Neural Regeneration Res 2017; 12:372–375.

Tal H, Oegiesser D, Tal M. Gingival depigmentation by erbium:YAG laser: Clinical observations and patient responses. J Periodontol 2003; 74:1660–1667.

Featherstone JD. The continuum of dental caries- evidence for a dynamic disease process. J Dent Res 2004; 83:39–42.

Edelstein B. The dental caries pandemic and disparities problem. BMC Oral. Health 2006; 15.

Nyvad B, Crielaard W, Mira A, et al. Dental caries from a molecular microbiological perspective. Caries Res 2013; 47:89–102.

Ten Cate JM. What dental diseases are we facing in the new millenium: some spects of research agenda. Caries Res 2001; 35:2-5.

Kidd EA, Fejerskov O. What constitutes dental caries? Histopatology of carious enamel and dentin related to the action of cariogenic biofilms. J Dent Res 2004; 83:35–38.