Analysis Of Determinants Of Covid-19 Vaccination Behavior In The Aceh Besar Community

Abstract

The COVID-19 vaccination program is one of the Government's policies to prevent the spread of COVID-19 disease. Some people in Aceh Besar receive and participate in vaccinations voluntarily. However, there are some people who take vaccinations because they are forced to and there are also those who refuse vaccination. This community behavior has greatly influenced the achievement of COVID-19 vaccination in Aceh Besar. In mid-February 2022, the achievement of the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination in Aceh Besar reached 90.5% and the achievement of the second dose was still low at only 47%. Objective : analyze the relationship between Perceived Behavioral Control and behavior, analyze the relationship between Actual Behavioral Control and behavior and analyze the relationship between Actual Behavioral Control and Perceived Behavioral Control. Method : This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional research design. Sampling using cluster sampling. The respondents were determined to be 384 people. Data analysis with Spearman Correlation using the SPSS application. Results : There is a significant relationship between Perceived Behavioral Control and behavior, between Actual Behavioral Control and behavior, and between Actual Behavioral Control and Perceived Behavioral Control (p-value 0.000). There is a fairly strong relationship between Perceived Behavioral Control and behavior (r = 0.433). There is a fairly strong relationship between Actual Behavioral Control and behavior (r = 0.502). There is a strong relationship between Actual Behavioral Control and Perceived Behavioral Control (r = 0.725). Conclusion : Actual Behavioral Control influences COVID-19 vaccination behavior in the people of Aceh Besar more than Perceived Behavioral Control.

Keywords:

Behavior, COVID-19 Vaccine, Perceived Behavioral Control, Actual Behavioral Control

References

Abdulah, M. B., Sholih, M. G. and Hilmi, I. L. (2022) ‘Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Masyarakat dalam Keikutsertaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Karang Bahagia’, Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences, 5(2), pp. 301–308.

Abdullah, A. R. (2021) Vaksinasi Covid-19 Tahap Pertama di Aceh Mulai 15 Januari, 14 Januari 2021. Available at: https://mediaindonesia.com/nusantara/376801/vaksinasi-covid-19-tahap-pertama-di-aceh-mulai-15-januari.

Achmat, Z. (2010) ‘Theory of planned behavior, masihkah relevan’, Diambil dari: http://zakarija. staff. umm. ac. id/files/20, 10, p. 12.

Ajzen, I. (1991) ‘The theory of planned behavior’, Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), pp. 179–211. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T.

Ajzen, I. (2002) ‘Perceived behavioral control, self‐efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior 1’, Journal of applied social psychology, 32(4), pp. 665–683.

Ajzen, I. (2015) Attitudes, Personality & Behavior. New York: Open University Press.

Ajzen, I. (2020) ‘The theory of planned behavior: Frequently asked questions’, Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 2(4), pp. 314–324. doi: 10.1002/HBE2.195.

Albarracin, D. et al. (2019) ‘The Psychology of Attitude, Motivation, And Persuasion’, in Albarracin, D. and Johnson, B. T. (eds) The Handbook of Attitude. Second Edi. New York & London: Taylor & Francis, pp. 3–44.

La Barbera, F. and Ajzen, I. (2021) ‘Moderating role of perceived behavioral control in the theory of planned behavior: A preregistered study’, Journal of Theoretical Social Psychology, 5(1), pp. 35–45.

Bloom, B. & Lambert, P. (2016) ‘The Vaccine Book - 2nd Edition’. Edited by B. R. B. P.-H. Lambert. Available at: https://www.elsevier.com/books/the-vaccine-book/bloom/978-0-12-802174-3 (Accessed: 1 December 2021).

Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Aceh Besar (2021) 14.000 Dosis Vaksin Sinovac Tiba di Aceh, Ini Tahapan Penggunaan Vaksin Covid-19 - Dinas Kesehatan, 5 Januari 2021. Available at: https://dinkesabes.web.id/detailpost/14-000-dosis-vaksin-sinovac-tiba-di-aceh-ini-tahapan-penggunaan-vaksin-covid-19 (Accessed: 23 November 2021).

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh (2021a) Kasus Covid-19 Berfluktuasi, 90 Ribu Remaja Vaksinasi Dosis II, 15 November 2021. Available at: https://dinkes.acehprov.go.id/news/read/2021/11/15/1040/kasus-covid-19-berfluktuasi-90-ribu-remaja-vaksinasi-dosis-II.

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Aceh (2021b) Vaksinasi Covid-19 Warga Banda Aceh Tembus 80 Persen, 30 Oktober 2021. Available at: https://dinkes.acehprov.go.id/news/read/10/30/1033/vaksinasi-covic-19-warga-banda-aceh-tembus-80-persen.

Dirjen P2P Kementerian Kesehatan (2021) Program Vaksinasi COVID-19 Mulai Dilakukan, Presiden Orang Pertama Penerima Suntikan Vaksin COVID-19 – P2P Kemenkes RI, 13 Januari 2021. Available at: http://p2p.kemkes.go.id/program-vaksinasi-covid-19-mulai-dilakukan-presiden-orang-pertama-penerima-suntikan-vaksin-covid-19/ (Accessed: 23 November 2021).

Djamaludin, D., Hartati, D. and Trismiyana, E. (2022) ‘Hubungan Persepsi Masyarakat Tentang Vaksin Covid-19 dengan Keikutsertaan Imunisasi Vaksinasi Covid-19 di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Gantiwarno Kecamatan Pekalongan Kabupaten Lampung Timur Provinsi Lampung Tahun 2022’, Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 2(1), pp. 33–43.

Hamdan, H. and Putera, R. E. (2023) ‘Kebijakan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia: Sebuah Upaya Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Masyarakat Untuk di Vaksin’, Jurnal Administrasi Publik dan Pembangunan, 5(1), pp. 22–32.

Hasibuan, R. and Anggriani, R. S. (2023) ‘Faktor Penerimaan Orangtua terhadap Vaksinasi COVID-19 Siswa Sekolah Dasar’, Jurnal Promotif Preventif, 6(2), pp. 237–244.

Hidayati, L. N. and Holifah, N. (2023) ‘Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Kebijakan Pemberian Vaksin Covid 19 di Madura: Suatu Catatan Survei’, NeoRespublica: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan, 4(2), pp. 378–386.

Irwan (2017) Etika Dan Perilaku Kesehatan. Cetakan I. Yogyakarta: CV Absolut Media.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia et al. (2020) Survei Penerimaan Vaksin COVID-19 di Indonesia. Jakarta.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2021) Cakupan Vaksinasi Lengkap di Indonesia Melebihi Target WHO – Sehat Negeriku, 15 November 2021. Available at: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/rilismedia/20211115/5438856/cakupan-vaksinasi-lengkap-di-indonesia-melebihi-target-who/ (Accessed: 23 November 2021).

Koley, T. K. and Dhole, M. (2021) COVID-19 pandemic : the deadly coronavirus outbreak in the 21st century. Routledge.

Mahendradhata, Y. et al. (2020) Kesehatan Global. Edited by Dewi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press.

Nurtakwa, N. (2021). Pengaruh Informasi Perbup No. 42 Tahun 2020 Tentang Kebijakan Penanganan Covid-19 Terhadap Persepsi Dan Perilaku Masyarakat. Universitas Hasanuddin.

Pratiwi, A., Setiawan, A. and Hani, Y. R. (2021) ‘Pengaruh Kebijakan Ppkm Darurat 3-20 Juli 2021 Terhadap Pembentukan Opini Publik’, DIALEKTIKA KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi dan Pembangunan Daerah, 9(2), pp. 34–61.

Qu, J.-M., Cao, B. and Chen, R.-C. (2020) Covid-19 : the essentials of prevention and treatment. Beijing, China: Elsevi.

Rahajeng, E. (2015) ‘Pengaruh penerapan kawasan tanpa rokok terhadap penurunan proporsi perokok di Provinsi DKI Jakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan Bali’, Indonesian Journal of Health Ecology, 14(3), pp. 238–249.

RI, K. K. (2021) Buku Saku Tanya Jawab Seputar Vaksinasi COVID-19. Pertama. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia.

Rohman, A. T. (2016) ‘Implementasi Kebijakan Melalui Kualitas Pelayanan Penerimaan Pajak Daerah Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kepuasan Masyarakat Di Dinas Pendapatan Kabupaten Kuningan (Studi Peraturan Daerah Kabupaten Kuningan No. 15 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pajak Daerah)’. UNPAS.

Sari, D. N. A. et al. (2023) ‘Hubungan Keikutsertaan Vaksinasi Covid-19 dengan Kepatuhan Protokol Kesehatan Ibu Hamil’, Jurnal Penelitian Perawat Profesional, 5(4), pp. 1335–1346.

Septiyani, A. N. and Azinar, M. (2023) ‘Motivasi Masyarakat Usia di Atas 45 Tahun dalam Menerima Vaksinasi COVID-19’, Indonesian Journal of Public Health and Nutrition, 3(1), pp. 20–28.

Siahaan, C. and Adrian, D. (2021) ‘Komunikasi dalam Persepsi Masyarakat Tentang Kebijakan Pemerintah Dimasa Pandemi’, Kinesik, 8(2), pp. 158–167.

Steinmetz, H. et al. (2016) ‘How effective are behavior change interventions based on the theory of planned behavior?’, Zeitschrift für Psychologie.

Sujarweni, V. W. (2021) Metodologi Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustakabarupress.

Sulistiono and Kesuma, A. (2023) ‘Analisis Perilaku Konsumen Menggunakan Model TRA, TPB, SCT dan IMBP Di Hotel Harper Malioboro Yogyakarta’, Jurnal Nusantara, 6.

Susilo, A. et al. (2020) ‘Coronavirus Disease 2019: Tinjauan Literatur Terkini’, Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia, 7(1), pp. 45–67. doi: 10.7454/JPDI.V7I1.415.

Tiana, E. and Amalia, N. (2021) ‘Gambaran Persepsi Masyarakat Terhadap Vaksin Covid-19’, Borneo Studies and Research, 3(1), pp. 526–531. Violita, F. and Nurdin, M. A. (2022) ‘Pengaruh Persepsi Terhadap Perilaku Pencegahan COVID-19 Pada Mahasiswa Kesehatan di Kota Jayapura’, Preventif: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 13(2), pp. 216–227.

Wati, S. G., Wihastuti, T. A. and Nasution, T. H. (2021) ‘Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior to Identify Nursing Student’s Intention to be a Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation’, NurseLine Journal, 6(1), pp. 23–30.

WHO (no date) Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), 2020. Available at:https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1 (Accessed: 24 December 2021).

Widayanti, L. P. and Kusumawati, E. (2021) ‘Hubungan persepsi tentang efektifitas vaksin dengan sikap kesediaan mengikuti vaksinasi Covid-19’, Jurnal Hearty: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(2), pp. 78–85

World Health Organization (2020) How do vaccines work?, 8 December 2020. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/how-do-vaccines-work (Accessed: 21 November 2021).

World Health Organization (2021a) How are vaccines developed?, 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/how-are-vaccines-developed (Accessed: 8 December 2021).

World Health Organization (2021b) The different types of COVID-19 vaccines, 12 Januari 2021. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-explained (Accessed: 21 November 2021).

Yulyana Kusuma Dewi, F. N. K. and Lionardo, A. (2018) ‘Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepatuhan Pegawai Terhadap Kebijakan Kawasan Tanpa Rokok di Kantor Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Palembang’, Sriwijaya Journal of Medicine, 1(1), pp. 8–15.

Yunus, N. R. and Rezki, A. (2020) ‘Kebijakan pemberlakuan lock down sebagai antisipasi penyebaran corona virus Covid-19’, Salam: Jurnal Sosial dan Budaya Syar-i, 7(3), pp. 227–238.

Yusef (2022) Sasaran Vaksin Dosis Kedua di Aceh Masih Rendah, 28 Februari 2022. Available at: https://www.realitarakyat.com/2022/02/sasaran-vaksin-dosis-kedua-di-aceh-masih-rendah/ (Accessed: 5 March 2022).