Correlation Between Acute Phase Proteins and Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Kidney Stones

Abstract

Biomarkers of acute-phase protein and oxidative stress have been recognized as important pathophysiological alterations that may underlie stone formation. This case-control study investigated the correlation between the main oxidative stress indicators (malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH)) and the acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), and ceruloplasmin in stone-formers. In total, 140 individuals were invited to participate including 80 patients with confirmed kidney stones and 60 healthy controls. It reported a highly oxidative stress profile in patients with much higher levels of MDA (P = 0.002), and much lower levels of CAT (P = 0.001) and GSH (P = 0.003) levels, respectively. Moreover, acute-phase proteins were markedly higher among the patients with abnormal concentrations versus those that remained within the normal physiological ranges such as CRP (P = 0.034), SAA (P = 0.028), and ceruloplasmin (P = 0.012). Moreover, correlation analyses showed that MDA was positively associated with CRP (r = 0.41), SAA (r = 0.38), and ceruloplasmin (r = 0.29). Meanwhile, CAT and GSH expressed significant negative correlation with all acute-phase proteins, It has bee suggested that kidney stone patients have increased oxidative stress and increased acute-phase proteins, indicative of an enhanced systemic inflammatory response. The strong correlations between markers of oxidative stress and other inflammatory proteins underscore the dual contribution of oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathobiology of kidney stones. These results suggest that therapeutic approaches that simultaneously target oxidative load and inflammation should be explored to mitigate disease progression and recurrence.

Keywords:

Kidney Stone, GSH, SAA, CRP, SOD, CAT, MDA

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