EVALUATING FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HIV TRANSMISSION AND INFECTION AMONG PERSONS AGED 0-17 YEARS IN CALABAR METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the factors associated with HIV transmission and infection among persons aged 0-17 years in Calabar Metropolis, Nigeria. HIV remains a significant public health concern globally, with Nigeria being one of the countries heavily affected by the epidemic. Despite progress in reducing HIV prevalence among certain age groups, adolescents and children remain vulnerable and underserved populations. Therefore, understanding the specific factors contributing to HIV transmission and infection in this age group is crucial for targeted interventions and prevention strategies.

The research design involved a cross-sectional study conducted in Calabar Metropolis, involving a representative sample of persons aged 0-17 years. Data was collected through structured interviews, medical record reviews, and laboratory testing for HIV status. Socio-demographic information, sexual behaviors, knowledge of HIV, access to healthcare, and exposure to risk factors were assessed. Statistical analyses, including multivariate regression models, were employed to identify significant associations between variables and HIV transmission or infection.

Preliminary findings suggest that factors such as lack of comprehensive sex education, limited access to healthcare services, early sexual debut, and high prevalence of HIV among caregivers may contribute to an increased risk of HIV transmission and infection among young individuals in Calabar Metropolis. Additionally, stigmatization and discrimination against HIV-positive individuals may hinder access to treatment and prevention services for affected youth.

The implications of these findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions tailored to address the unique challenges faced by persons aged 0-17 years in the context of HIV prevention and care. This study contributes valuable insights into the factors driving HIV transmission and infection among the youth in Calabar Metropolis, providing a basis for designing evidence-based strategies to reduce the HIV burden in this vulnerable population. It is hoped that this research will inform policymakers, healthcare providers, and community stakeholders in their efforts to combat HIV and improve the overall health and well-being of adolescents and children in Nigeria.

Keywords:

HIV transmission, HIV infection, persons aged 0-17 years

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