Morphological and Immunohistochemical Features of The Gastric Mucosa in Metabolic Syndrome

Abstract

This study examined morphological, morphometric, and immunohistochemical changes in the gastric mucosa in patients with metabolic syndrome. Gastric tissue samples from 83 patients with confirmed metabolic syndrome were analyzed, including 27 men and 56 women. The control group included 18 samples. Histological and morphometric examinations were performed, and the expression of iNOS and CAIX was also evaluated. The results showed that metabolic syndrome was associated with inflammation, impaired microcirculation, glandular atrophy, stromal fibrosis, and dystrophic changes in the gastric epithelium. In men, atrophic and sclerotic changes developed earlier, while in women these changes became more pronounced at the age of 45-59 years. Increased expression of iNOS and CAIX in this age group reflected stronger hypoxic and oxidative stress in the gastric mucosa. The findings suggest that age and sex should be considered when assessing gastric mucosal changes in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Keywords:

Metabolic syndrome, gastric mucosa, atrophy

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