The Role Of IL-32 Polymorphisms in Periodontitis Disease

Abstract

Genetic variation is a change of DNA sequence in humans as a result of polymorphism in genes, which can detect two or more forms of genes in individuals. The polymorphism genes may impact on gene expression and lead to abnormal proteins and signaling pathways. Periodontitis disease is a chronic inflammatory disease that impacts the gingiva, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Interleukin-32 (IL-32) has a significant relationship with periodontitis disease. IL-32, a gene, included eight exons that produce proteins. IL-32 is produced by natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, and T-cells. A total of 40 periodontitis patients, including 27 female and 13 male, and 20 healthy individuals as a control group (9 female and 11 male), with an average age between 22-65 years, took part in this research. Polymorphism of the IL-32 gene assay and sequencing were done to detect IL-32 polymorphism and SNP (rs4740).

The results include a statistically non-significant association between the genotypes of patients and controls. Also, there is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in IL-35 from serum, saliva, and GCF between patients and control groups and the genetic variations AA, GA, and GG genotyping. These results detected a relationship between genotype and each of age and gender of patients; there is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the distribution of genotypes according to age and gender. It suggests that the demographic composition of the study groups is very closed. So, these findings do not support a direct genetic link at this IL-32, but they provide valuable scientific data that help to refine future research directions.

Keywords:

Genetics variation, IL-32, Periodontitis disease, Polymorphizm

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