The Biochemistry, Pathophysiology, And Clinical Importance of Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Review

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) plays a critical role in the physiological equilibrium and immunological defense of the central nervous system (CNS). CSF, an alterable ultrafiltrate formed by the blood, sustains biochemical homeostasis and also participates in nutrition provision as well waste disposal through glymphatic pathways. Because abnormalities in its composition, it can signal a host of nervous system diseases, many of them systemic, CSF has become an indispensable diagnostic fluid under normal condition of use.Rather than CSF pressure, its mechanical function and biochemical character are discussed in this study, which also elaborates upon some of the disorders related to CSF as well provides an overview how to carry out testsThe diagnostic value of CSF parameters, such as protein content, glucose levels and lactate measurements, as well as estimates of cell numbers and analyses for biomarkers are highlighted in the setting of infectious-inflammatory-autoimmune-neoplastic-degenerative diseases. In addition, special emphasis is put on recent developments in CSF-based biomarkers and their potential importance for early diagnosis disease prognosis or monitoring The impact of CSF physiology on neuro-psychiatric therapeutics and neuro-critical care is presented in the form of two editorials consolidated from previous journals. Review articles are intended to provide a historic framework for those who would like more medical or technological information on the subject. This paper shows that CSF remains relevant in clinical practice, contributing to patient outcome through insights into neurobiology.

Keywords:

CSF, Meningeal Lymphatics, Neurological Diseases, Brain Ventricles

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